2022年9月英语六级(第1套)听力真题 录音3

Recording three

录音三

Smartphones distract attention and reduce learning ,because of their potential to offer activities more inviting than study.

智能手机分散注意力，减少学习，因为它可能提供比学习更具吸引力的活动。

But what about background sound alone?

但是单独的背景声音呢？

A group of American researchers compared students' comprehension of verbal material when reading in the presence of background speech, instrumental music or general noise.

一组美国研究人员比较了学生在背景语音、器乐或一般噪音下阅读时对语言材料的理解。

General noise is neutral, such as that from the sound of an air conditioner or fan.

一般噪音是中性的，如空调或风扇发出的声音。

Student scores were most depressed in the presence of background speech.

在有背景演讲的情况下，学生的成绩最差。

Comprehension was slightly better with the presence of music then with speech.

背景音为音乐的人比背景音音演讲的人的理解力稍微好一些。

However, when they were asked to identify melodies rather than understand text, background music interfered more.

然而，当他们被要求识别旋律而不是理解文本时,背景音乐干扰更大。

When the background speech was in a language unfamiliar to participants, there was little, if any hindrance of reading comprehension.

当背景音演讲使用参与者不熟悉的语言时,阅读理解几乎没有障碍。

British researchers compared the effects of background speech vocal music instrumental music, general background noise and silence on short term memory, background speech had the biggest negative effect.

英国研究人员比较了背景语音、声乐、器乐、一般背景噪音和沉默对短期记忆的影响，背景语音的负面影响最大。

Vocal music was slightly more disruptive than instrumental.

声乐的破坏性略大于器乐。

In general, background noise and silence were least destructive.

一般来说，背景噪音和沉默的破坏性最小。

It seems the degree of interference from background noise depends on the overlap between the processing required on the task and the processing required to screen out the background noise.

背景噪声的干扰程度似乎取决于任务所需处理和筛选背景噪声所需处理之间的重叠。

The study suggests that when people read, and when they try to remember any verbal material, background speech will inhibit their ability

研究表明，当人们阅读时，当他们试图记住任何口头材料时，背景语言会抑制他们的能力

Instrumental music will have, at worst, a slight effect.

器乐在最坏的情况下会产生轻微的影响。

When students write essays, however, other research has found it is best to reduce all background noise as much as possible.

然而，当学生写论文时，其他研究发现，最好尽可能减少所有背景噪音。

Not everyone reacts in the same way to distractions.

并不是每个人对分散注意力的事的反应都一样。

Other studies suggest some aspects of personality may make a difference.

其他研究表明，性格的某些方面可能会有所不同。

The researchers subjected shy, quiet people and confident outgoing ones to high arousal or low arousal background music, general noise or silence, while asking them to remember words.

研究人员让害羞、安静的人和自信外向的人听高唤起或低唤起的背景音乐，一般的噪音或安静，同时要求他们记住单词。

Everyone performed best in the silent condition, but less sociable people were more negatively affected by each of the distractions.

每个人在安静状态下表现最好，但不太合群的人更容易受到各种干扰的负面影响。

So when children are reading and trying to incorporate new material, parents could consider allowing some background music,

因此，当孩子们阅读并尝试学习新材料时，家长可以考虑允许一些背景音乐，

Particularly if it is instrumental, and their child is the outgoing type.

尤其如果是器乐，并且他们的孩子是外向型的。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

问题22至25基于你刚刚听到的录音。

Question 22 What did some American researchers find about students reading comprehension in the presence of background noise?

问题22：一些美国研究人员发现，在背景噪音存在的情况下，学生的阅读理解能力如何？

Question 23 What do we learn from the British researchers about the degree of interference from background noise?

问题23关于背景噪声的干扰程度，我们从英国研究人员那里学到了什么？

Question 24 What is best for students to do when writing essays, according to some research?

问题24根据一些研究，学生在写论文时最好做什么？

Question 25 How do people of different personalities react to distractions according to other studies?

问题25根据其他研究，不同性格的人如何应对分心？

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