2024年考研英语一 阅读 Text 3

文章大意

本文围绕波兰数字艺术家 Rutkowski 展开，讲述了他的艺术风格及其在文本转图像人工智能领域的影响，同时探讨了开源人工智能艺术生成器引发的伦理和版权问题。一方面，Rutkowski 的独特风格在开源人工智能艺术生成器Stable Diffusion中被大量用作提示词；另一方面，这些开源程序未经许可从互联网抓取图片，引发艺术家不满。文章还提到艺术家行业正在形成联盟，试图解决这一问题，并给出了一些可能的解决建议。

逐段分析

1. 第一段
   • 原文：Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes. He has made illustrations for games such as Sony's Horizon Forbidden West, Ubisoft’s Anno, Dungeons & Dragons,and Magic: The Gathering. And he's become a sudden hit in the new world of text - to - image AI generation.
   • 翻译：鲁特科夫斯基（Rutkowski）是一位波兰数字艺术家，他运用古典绘画风格创作梦幻般的奇幻风景。他为诸如索尼的《地平线：禁忌西部》、育碧的《纪元》、《龙与地下城》以及《万智牌》等游戏绘制插画。并且他在文本转图像人工智能生成的新世界中迅速走红。
   • 短语：
     • “such as”：例如，用于举例说明。
     • “become a hit”：走红，大受欢迎。
   • 考研单词：
     • “classical”：adj. 古典的；经典的。
     • “fantasy”：n. 幻想；想象。
     • “landscape”：n. 风景；山水画。
     • “illustration”：n. 插图；说明。
   • 语法：
     • “who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes”为定语从句，修饰先行词“a Polish digital artist”，在从句中“who”作主语，“uses...to create...”为谓语和目的状语结构。
2. 第二段
   • 原文：His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open - source AI art generator Stable Diffusion, which was launched late last month. The tool, along with other popular image - generation AI models, allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts. For example, type in "Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski." and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski's style.
   • 翻译：他独特的风格如今是上个月末推出的新型开源人工智能艺术生成器Stable Diffusion中最常用的提示词之一。该工具与其他流行的图像生成人工智能模型一样，允许任何人根据文本提示创作出令人印象深刻的图像。例如，输入“手持宝剑、带着发光魔法火球的巫师与凶猛的巨龙搏斗，格雷格·鲁特科夫斯基风格”，系统就会生成与鲁特科夫斯基风格作品相差不远的东西。
   • 短语：
     • “one of...”：……之一，后接可数名词复数形式。
     • “open - source”：开源的。
     • “along with”：与……一起，连接并列成分。
     • “based on”：基于，以……为基础。
     • “type in”：输入。
     • “not a million miles away from”：与……相差不远。
   • 考研单词：
     • “distinctive”：adj. 独特的；与众不同的。
     • “prompt”：n. 提示；v. 促使；提示。
     • “launch”：v. 推出；发射；发起。
     • “impressive”：adj. 令人印象深刻的。
     • “fierce”：adj. 凶猛的；激烈的。
   • 语法：
     • “which was launched late last month”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Stable Diffusion”，“which”在从句中作主语。
     • “that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski's style”为定语从句，修饰先行词“something”，“that”在从句中作主语。
3. 第三段
   • 原文：But these open - source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet, often without permission and proper attribution to artists. As a result, they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright. And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.
   • 翻译：但这些开源程序是通过从互联网上抓取图片构建的，而且常常未经艺术家许可，也未给予他们恰当的署名。结果，它们引发了有关伦理和版权的棘手问题。像鲁特科夫斯基这样的艺术家已经受够了。
   • 短语：
     • “scrape from”：从……抓取；从……刮掉。
     • “without permission”：未经许可。
     • “as a result”：结果。
   • 考研单词：
     • “permission”：n. 许可；允许。
     • “attribution”：n. 归因；归属；属性；（对作者、作品等的）归属判定。
     • “tricky”：adj. 棘手的；难处理的。
     • “ethics”：n. 伦理；道德规范。
     • “copyright”：n. 版权；著作权。
   • 语法：
     • “are built by...”为一般现在时的被动语态结构，“by”引出动作的执行者。
4. 第四段
   • 原文：According to the website Lexica, which tracks over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski's name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times. Some of the world's most famous artists, such as Michelangelo, Pablo Picasso, and Leonardo da Vinci, brought up around 2,000 prompts each or less. Rutkowski's name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text - to - image generator, Midjourney. Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences. Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published. The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his.
   • 翻译：据追踪Stable Diffusion生成的1000多万张图像和提示词的Lexica网站统计，鲁特科夫斯基的名字被用作提示词的次数约为93000次。世界上一些最著名的艺术家，如米开朗基罗、巴勃罗·毕加索和列奥纳多·达·芬奇，每人被提及的提示词次数约为2000次或更少。鲁特科夫斯基的名字在另一个文本转图像生成器Midjourney的Discord频道中也被用作提示词达数千次。鲁特科夫斯基最初很惊讶，但认为这可能是接触新受众的好方法。然后他试着搜索自己的名字，看看自己创作的作品是否已发表。在线搜索出来的作品虽附上了他的名字，但并非他的作品。
   • 短语：
     • “according to”：根据；按照。
     • “bring up”：提及；提出；养育。
     • “feature as”：以……为特色；作为……出现。
     • “try doing sth.”：尝试做某事。
     • “search for”：搜索；寻找。
   • 考研单词：
     • “track”：v. 追踪；跟踪；n. 轨道；足迹。
     • “initially”：adv. 最初；开始。
     • “attach”：v. 附上；贴上；使依附。
   • 语法：
     • “which tracks over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the website Lexica”，“which”在从句中作主语。
     • “if a piece he had worked on had been published”为宾语从句，作“see”的宾语，其中“he had worked on”为定语从句，修饰先行词“a piece”，“had been published”为过去完成时的被动语态。
     • “that had his name attached to it but wasn't his”为定语从句，修饰先行词“work”，“that”在从句中作主语。
5. 第五段
   • 原文："It's been just a month. What about in a year? I probably won't be able to find my work out there because [the internet] will be flooded with AI art. "Rutkowski says."That's concerning. "
   • 翻译：“才过去一个月。一年后会怎样呢？我可能都找不到自己的作品了，因为互联网将充斥着人工智能生成的艺术作品。”鲁特科夫斯基说，“这令人担忧。”
   • 短语：
     • “be flooded with”：充斥着；充满。
   • 考研单词：
     • “concerning”：adj. 令人担忧的；prep. 关于。
   • 语法：
     • “It's been just a month.”为现在完成时，“It has been...”表示“已经过去……时间”。
     • “What about...?”：……怎么样？用于提出建议或询问情况。
6. 第六段
   • 原文："There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this," says Ortiz. The group is in its early days of mobilization, which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation. One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain, and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists, Ortiz says.
   • 翻译：“艺术家行业内部正在形成一个联盟，以研究如何应对或缓解这一情况，”奥尔蒂斯说。该组织尚处于动员初期，这可能包括推动制定新政策或法规。奥尔蒂斯说，一个建议是人工智能模型可以利用公共领域的图像进行训练，并且人工智能公司可以与博物馆和艺术家建立合作关系。
   • 短语：
     • “figure out”：想出；弄清楚；解决。
     • “in the early days of”：在……初期。
     • “push for”：推动；争取。
     • “forge partnerships with”：与……建立合作关系。
   • 考研单词：
     • “coalition”：n. 联盟；联合。
     • “tackle”：v. 处理；应对；解决。
     • “mitigate”：v. 减轻；缓解。
     • “mobilization”：n. 动员；调动。
     • “domain”：n. 领域；范围；（计算机用语）域名。
     • “forge”：v. 锻造；伪造；建立（关系等）。
   • 语法：
     • “There is a coalition growing within artist industries...”为there be句型，“growing within artist industries”为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰“a coalition”。
     • “which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“mobilization”，“which”在从句中作主语。
     • “that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain, and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists”为表语从句，作“is”的表语。