2025年12月英语六级听力真题 卷二 录音1

Recording One

录音1

Research recently carried out by my team suggests that fish may be self-aware.

我的团队最近开展的研究表明，鱼类可能具有自我意识。

A certain species of fish recently passed the well-known mirror test—this is a test that demonstrates self-recognition in the animals.

最近，某一种鱼类通过了著名的镜子测试，这是一项用于证明动物具有自我识别能力的测试。

Only a few animals, such as humans, apes, dolphins and some birds can recognise themselves in a mirror,

只有少数动物，如人类、猿类、海豚和一些鸟类，能够在镜子中认出自己。

and only these animals capable of self-recognition will attempt to remove marks placed on their skin after noticing them in their reflection.

而且只有这些具备自我识别能力的动物，会在镜中看到自己身上的标记后，试图把它去掉。

This ability suggests the level of higher intelligence and awareness.

这种能力体现了较高的智力与意识水平。

This is not shown by children until around 18 months.

人类幼儿要到大约18个月大时才会表现出这种能力。

Until now, no fish has demonstrated the ability, but our experiments show the fish in question will scrape up against hard surfaces to remove marks placed on its body by our researchers after viewing itself in a mirror.

在此之前，没有任何鱼类表现出这种能力，但我们的实验表明，受试鱼类在镜中看到自己后，会通过摩擦坚硬表面，去除研究人员放在它身上的标记。

The behaviours we observe leave little doubt that this fish behaviourally fulfils all criteria of the mirror test as originally laid out.

我们观察到的行为几乎可以确定，这种鱼类在行为上满足了镜子测试最初设定的所有标准。

The fish in our study never attempted to remove the marks when no mirror was present or when the marks were just placed on the mirror.

在没有镜子，或标记只贴在镜子上时，实验中的鱼从不会试图去除标记。

Unmarked fish also did not attempt to remove marks from themselves when interacting with a marked fish on the other side of a window.

当身上无标记的鱼与玻璃另一侧身上有标记的鱼互动时，也不会试图去擦掉自己身上并不存在的标记。

These results show either that fish are self-aware or that the mirror test, which is considered to be the gold standard test used to denote higher intelligence, may be flawed.

这些结果要么说明鱼类具有自我意识，要么说明被视为衡量高等智力“黄金标准”的镜子测试本身可能存在缺陷。

What is less clear is whether these behaviours should be considered as evidence that fish are self-aware, even though in the past, these same behaviours have been interpreted as self-awareness in so many other animals.

目前尚不明确的是，这些行为是否能作为鱼类具有自我意识的证据，尽管过去在其他许多动物身上，同样的行为都被解读为自我意识。

Depending on your position, you might reject the interpretation that these behaviours in a fish satisfy passing the test at all.

根据不同立场，你甚至可能完全不认同“鱼类的这些行为算通过测试”这一解读。

But on what objective basis can you do this when the behaviours they show are so functionally similar to those of other species that have passed the test?

但当它们表现出的行为，与其他通过测试的物种在功能上如此相似时，你又有什么客观依据这么做呢？

Results from our research raise more questions than answers.

我们的研究结果带来的问题比答案更多。

What if self-awareness develops like an onion, building layer upon layer rather than appearing all at once?

如果自我意识是像洋葱一样一层层逐渐形成，而不是突然出现的呢？

Perhaps, in order to explore self-awareness further, we should stop looking at responses to the mirror as a decisive test.

也许，为了进一步探索自我意识，我们不该再把镜子测试当作决定性的检验标准。

Only with a richer theory of the self and a larger test battery will we be able to determine all of the various levels of self-awareness, including where exactly fish fit in.

只有借助更完善的自我理论和更全面的测试体系，我们才能确定自我意识的各种层次，包括鱼类究竟处于哪个位置。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

第16至18题基于你刚刚听到的录音。

16. What do we learn about the well-known mirror test?

16. 关于著名的镜子测试，我们了解到什么？

17. What does the study by the speaker's team show about the fish they experimented with?

17. 演讲者团队的研究表明，他们实验用的鱼表现出了什么？

18. What does the speaker say about the results of their research?

18. 演讲者如何评价他们的研究结果？

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