2026年6月英语四级听力真题 卷一 短文2

Passage Two

短文二

Plastics have for years been used to make nearly everything that surrounds us,

多年来，塑料被用来制造我们身边几乎所有物品，

but along the way they escaped the confines of packaging and objects and settled in the environment,

但在这一过程中，塑料脱离了包装和制品本身，散布到自然环境、

the food we eat and the air we breathe.

我们食用的食物以及呼吸的空气中。

Americans are consuming and breathing in a lot of plastic.

美国人会摄入和吸入大量塑料微粒。

Based on available data, Americans take in an estimated 74,000 to 121,000 microplastic particles every year.

现有数据显示，美国人每年大约会摄入 7.4 万至 12.1 万颗微塑料颗粒。

However, scientists believe the true number is probably much higher because for some likely sources of microplastics, there was no strong data available.

但科学家认为真实数值可能远高于此，因为部分潜在微塑料来源缺乏充分的数据支撑。

Microplastics get into food and air in several ways.

微塑料通过多种途径进入食物和空气。

Many start off as part of larger plastic objects, which over time fragment into smaller and smaller pieces until they become tiny, 5 millimeters or less in diameter.

很多微塑料最初是大型塑料制品，随着时间推移不断碎裂，最后变成直径不超过 5 毫米的微小碎屑。

They are breathed in or consumed by animals that then become our food.

这些微粒会被动物吸入或吃下，而这些动物最终会成为人类的食物。

The particles float through the air until people breathe them in.

微粒漂浮在空气中，被人体吸入。

They also settle on the food that people eat.

它们也会附着在人们食用的食物表面。

Data shows that for Americans, air, bottled water and seafood were the biggest sources for breathed in or consumed microplastics.

数据显示，对美国人而言，空气、瓶装水和海产品是人体吸入、摄入微塑料的最主要来源。

Added sugars accounted for less, and salts, tap water and beer contributed minimal amounts.

添加糖中的微塑料含量次之，食盐、自来水和啤酒中的含量极少。

These estimates are conservative.

以上估算结果还偏保守。

The included foods only make up about 15% of the average American diet.

本次统计仅覆盖美国人日常饮食中约 15% 的食物。

It's not yet known how much plastic is contained in the remaining 85% of the typical diet.

剩余 85% 的日常食物中含有多少塑料微粒，目前尚无定论。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

第 19 至 21 小题基于你刚刚听到的这篇短文。

Question 19. What does the passage say about Americans?

问题 19：短文介绍了关于美国人的什么情况？

Question 20. What counted as the biggest sources for Americans breathing in or consuming microplastics?

问题 20：哪些是美国人吸入、摄入微塑料的最主要来源？

Question 21. What does the passage say is still unknown?

问题 21：短文称目前还有什么情况尚不明确？

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