2024年6月英语六级听力真题 卷一 文章1

Passage One

文章1

Dietary guidelines form the basis for nutrition a advice and regulations around the world.

饮食指南构成了世界各地营养建议和法规的基础。

While there is strong scientific consensus around most existing guidelines, one question has recently stirred debate: should consumers be warned to avoid ultra-processed foods?

虽然对大多数现有的指导方针有很强的科学共识，但最近有一个问题引起了争论:应该警告消费者避免超加工食品吗？

Two paper s published today in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition outline the case for and against using the concept of“ ultra-processed foods” to help inform dietary guidelines, beyond conventional food classification systems.

今天发表在《美国临床营养学杂志》（American Journal of Clinical Nutrition）上的两篇论文概述了赞成和反对使用“超加工食品”概念来帮助指导饮食指南，超越传统的食品分类体系。

The authors, Carlos Monteiro of the University of SÃo Paulo and Arna Ostrup of Novo Nordisk Foundation, will discuss the issue in a live virtual debate, August 14th, during NUTRITION 2024 Live Online.

作者，圣保罗大学的Carlos Monteiro和诺和诺德基金会的Arna Ostrup，将在8月14日的NUTRITION 2024在线直播中讨论这个问题。

The debate centers around a system developed by Monteiro and colleagues that classifies foods by their degree of industrial processing, ranging from unprocessed to ultra-processed.

这场辩论围绕着蒙泰罗及其同事开发的一个系统展开，该系统根据食品的工业加工程度进行分类，从未加工到超加工。

The system defines ultra-processed foods as those made using sequences of processes that extract substances from foods and alter them with chemicals in order to formulate the final product.

该体系将超加工食品定义为使用一系列过程制成的食品，这些过程从食物中提取物质并用化学物质改变它们，以便配制最终产品。

Ultra-processed foods are characteristically designed to be cheap, tasty, and convenient.

超加工食品的特点是便宜、美味和方便。

Examples include soft drinks and candy, packaged snacks and pastries, ready to heat products, and reconstituted meat products .

例子包括软饮料和糖果、包装的零食和糕点、即热产品和重组肉制品。

Studies have linked consumption of ultra-processed foods, which are often high in salt, sugar, and fat, with weight gain and an increased risk of chronic diseases, even after adjusting for the amount of salt, sugar, and fat in the diet.

研究表明，即使在调整了饮食中的盐、糖和脂肪含量之后，摄入高盐、高糖和高脂肪的超加工食品也会导致体重增加和患慢性疾病的风险增加。

While the mechanisms behind these associations are not fully understood, Monteiro argues that the existing evidence is sufficient to justify discouraging consumption of ultra-processed foods in dietary recommendations and government policies.

虽然这些关联背后的机制还不完全清楚，但蒙泰罗认为，现有的证据足以证明膳食建议和政府政策中不鼓励食用超加工食品的合理性。

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题9至11是基于你刚才听到的一段话。

Question9.What question is said to have recently stirred debate?

据说最近什么问题引发了争论?

Question10.How does the system developed by Monteiro and colleagues classify foods?

蒙泰罗及其同事开发的系统是如何对食物进行分类的?

Question11. What is consumption of ultra-processed foods linked with, according to studies?

研究表明，食用超加工食品与什么有关联?

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