2024年6月英语六级听力真题 卷一 录音3

Recording Three

录音三

John Donne, the English poet, wrote in the 17th century, “No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main.”

英国诗人约翰·多恩在17世纪写道:“没有人是完整的孤岛；每个人都是大陆的一块，主的一部分。”

Now, a British academic has claimed that human individuality is indeed just an illusion, because societies are far more interconnected at a mental, physical, and cultural level than people realize.

现在，一位英国学者声称，人的个性确实只是一个幻觉，因为社会在精神、身体和文化层面上的相互联系远比人们意识到的要多得多。

In his new book, The Self Delusion, Professor Tom Oliver, a researcher in the Ecology and Evolution group at the University of Reading,argues there is no such thing as "self", and not even our bodies are truly “us”.

在他的新书《自我错觉》中，雷丁大学生态与进化小组研究员汤姆·奥利弗教授认为，没有所谓的“自我”，甚至我们的身体也不是真正的“我们”。

Just as Copernicus realized the Earth is not the center of the universe, Professor Oliver said society urgently needs a Copernican-like revolution to understand people are not detached beings but rather part of one connected identity.

正如哥白尼意识到地球不是宇宙的中心一样，奥利弗教授说，社会迫切需要一场哥白尼式的革命来理解人不是分离的生物，而是一个连接的身份的一部分。

“A significant milestone in the cultural evolution of human minds was the acceptance that the Earth is not the center of the universe, the so-called Copernican Revolution,” he writes.

他写道:“人类思想文化演进的一个重要里程碑是承认地球不是宇宙的中心，也就是所谓的哥白尼革命。”

“However, we have one more big myth to dispose of: that we exist as independent selves at the center of a subjective universe.

“然而，我们还有一个更大的神话需要澄清:我们作为独立的自我存在于主观宇宙的中心。

You may feel as if you are an independent individual acting autonomously in the world; that you have unchanging inner self that persists throughout your lifetime, acting as a central anchor-point with the world changing around you.

你可能觉得自己是一个独立的个体，在世界上自主地行动；你有永不改变的内在自我，在你的一生中持续存在，在你周围的世界变化中充当中心锚点。

This is the illusion I seek to tackle. We are intimately connected to the world around us.”

这就是我想解决的错觉。我们与周围的世界紧密相连。“

Professor Oliver argues there are around 37 trillion cells in the body but most have a lifespan of just a few days or weeks, so the material “us” is constantly changing.

奥利弗教授认为，人体内大约有37万亿个细胞，但大多数细胞的寿命只有几天或几周，所以“我们”的物质是不断变化的。

In fact, there is no part of your body that has existed for more than ten years.

事实上，你身体中没有任何一个部位已经存在了十年以上。

Since our bodies are essentially made anew every few weeks, the material in them alone is clearly insufficient to explain the persistent thread of an identity.

由于我们的身体本质上每隔几周就会被重新制造一次，单凭身体中的物质显然不足以解释一个身份的持久线索。

Professor Oliver claims that individualism is actually bad for society, and only by realizing we are part of a bigger entity can we solve pressing environmental and societal problems.

奥利弗教授声称，个人主义实际上不利于社会，只有认识到我们是一个更大的实体的一部分，我们才能解决紧迫的环境和社会问题。

Through selfish over-consumption we are destroying the natural world and using non-renewable resources at an accelerating rate.

通过自私的过度消费，我们正在破坏自然世界，加速使用不可再生资源。

“We are at a critical crossroads as a species where we must rapidly reform our mindsets and behavior to act in less selfish ways," he said.

“作为一个物种，我们正处在一个关键的十字路口，我们必须迅速改变我们的心态和行为，以不那么自私的方式行事，”他说。

“So let's open our eyes to the hidden connections all around us.”

“所以，让我们睁开眼睛，看看周围隐藏着的联系。”

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

问题22到25是基于你刚才听到的录音。

Question22.What is indeed just an illusion according to Professor Tom Oliver?

根据汤姆·奥利弗教授所言，什么的确只是一种错误的观念?

Question23.What does Professor Tom Oliver think of the idea that we exist as independent selves at the center of a subjective universe?

汤姆·奥利弗教授如何看待“我们作为独立的自我，存在于主观宇宙的中心”这个观点?

Question24.Why does Professor Tom Oliver claim that the material “us” is constantly changing?

汤姆·奥利弗教授为什么声称物质方面的“我们”在不断变化?

Question25. How can we solve pressing environmental and societal problems according to Professor Tom Oliver?

根据汤姆·奥利弗教授所言，我们如何解决紧迫的环境问题和社会问题?

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