2022年英语专八真题听力 采访2

M: Welcome to this edition of Our World. Our main focus tonight will be on pollution.

欢迎来到这个版本的“我们的世界”。我们今晚的重点将是污染问题。

We are going to talk about a type of pollution which many people have not even heard of Susan Conroy is the Press Liaison officer for the Darker Skies Association.

我们将谈论一种污染类型，许多人甚至没有听说过苏珊·康罗伊是黑暗天空协会的新闻联络官。

Susan, could you just give us a few ideas of what, in your mind. constitutes light pollution?

苏珊，你能不能在你脑子里告诉我们一些关于什么的想法。构成光污染？

I understand one of the most serious problems is that of light escaping up into the skies above our cities, and the result is we cannot see all the stars that were once visible.

我知道最严重的问题之一是光从我们的城市上空逃逸到天空，结果是我们看不到所有曾经可见的恒星。

W:That is what I would term a symptom of the problem and not necessarily the most serious consequence.

W：这就是我所说的问题的症状，而不一定是最严重的后果。

I would recommend your listeners, if they live in a city area, to go outside, after listening to this program of course, and to look up into the sky.

我建议你的听众，如果他们住在城市地区，在听完这个节目之后，当然要到外面去，然后仰望天空。

I would be surprised if any of them managed to see more than five to ten stars.If they had done this twenty years ago. they would be talking about hundreds and hundreds.

如果他们中有谁能看到五到十颗星星，如果他们在20年前就这样做了，我会感到惊讶的。他们会谈论数以百计的。

This is a problem that is getting worse the whole light pollution situation is deteriorating.

这是一个越来越严重的问题，整个光污染状况正在恶化。

M:Then what causes this light pollution, Susan? Is it just badly positioned streetlights that shine up into the sky?

M：那么是什么造成了这种光污染，苏珊？它只是在糟糕的位置，路灯，闪耀到天空？

W:Well, that is true. Poorly positioned streetlights are a major contributory factor in all of this.

W：嗯，那是真的。路灯位置差是造成这一切的主要原因。

Light pollution is not only light that is shining up into the sky which blocks out the stars we were just talking about.

光污染不仅仅是照亮天空的光，它挡住了我们刚才所说的星星。

Light pollution is also when areas~are over-lit, for example, or lighting is badly designed or badly positioned. which then creates excessive glare.

光污染也是当地区~照明过度，例如，照明设计不好或位置差。这会产生过度的眩光。

This can obviously be dangerous if drivers are affected.

如果司机受到影响，这显然是危险的。

M: I know so many people are worried about security and I imagine this is why huge areas of our cities are, in your words, over-lit.

M: 我知道很多人担心安全问题我想这就是为什么我们城市的大部分地区，用你的话来说，过度照明。

W:Well, many studies have shown there is little connection between lighting and crime.

W：很多研究表明灯光和犯罪之间没有什么联系。

Besides, much of the lighting which is badly designed creates very strong light and shadow contrasts, which actually creates good hiding places for criminals.

除此之外，很多设计糟糕的灯光会造成强烈的光影对比，这实际上为罪犯创造了很好的藏身之处。

M: So what changes would you like to see implemented Susan?

M: 那么，你希望看到什么样的变化实现苏珊？

W: I think there are some very basic things that can be changed.There needs to be a standard for street lighting which eliminates completely above-horizontal light escape.

W：我觉得有一些很基本的东西是可以改变的。需要有一个标准的街道照明，完全消除以上的水平光逃逸。

By that I mean we can't continue to use inefficient street lighting equipment which enables a lot of the light emitted to escape upwards into the sky.

我的意思是，我们不能继续使用低效率的街道照明设备，因为这些设备使大量发出的光逃逸到天空中。

That is the first priority. Next, we need tough restrictions on how much light is used to illuminate a given area.

这是第一要务。接下来，我们需要严格限制使用多少光来照亮一个给定的区域。

That way, we avoid the problem of what is called light trespass. where light escapes from the area, for example, a parking lot, that it is supposed to illuminate and goes, for instance, into nearby windows or roads.

这样，我们就避免了所谓的光侵入的问题。光线从某个区域（例如停车场）逸出，进入附近的窗户或道路。

M: Yeah, that often happens.

M: 是啊，经常会这样。

W:This is what we are saying. We don’t have a problem with security lighting in any number of parking lots or stores.

W：这就是我们要说的。我们对任何数量的停车场或商店的安全照明都没有问题。

But, and this is important the lighting needs to be suitable and, above all, directed correctly.

但是，这是很重要的，照明需要是适当的，首先，正确的方向。

We are becoming a society obsessed with turning night into day, but I can tell you now, not everybody finds this situation satisfactory.

我们正在成为一个痴迷于把夜晚变成白天的社会，但我现在可以告诉你，并不是每个人都觉得这种情况令人满意。

M: Is there something we can do ourselves to lessen the problem or at least not add to it?

M：我们自己能做些什么来减轻这个问题吗？或者至少不增加这个问题？

W:Yes. there are things we can do in our own home.

W :是的。我们可以在自己家里做一些事情。

For example if you use lighting, be it security lighting or lighting for your barbecue in the garden, just make sure it is well directed by which I mean angled downward, and the light source itself, the bulb I mean, has a good cover on it.

例如，如果你使用照明，无论是安全照明还是在花园里烧烤的照明，只要确保它有良好的方向，我指的是向下倾斜，而光源本身，我的意思是，灯泡有一个很好的覆盖。

M:Well I for one, have learnt a lot this evening. And you have given us a lot of food for thought the next time we look up into an increasingly orange sky at night. Susan thanks for your time tonight.

M：就我个人而言，今天晚上学到了很多东西。下一次我们仰望夜空时，你给了我们很多可思考的食物.苏珊，谢谢你今晚的时间。

W:You're welcome.

不客气。

This is the end of part two of the interview.

这是访谈的第二部分的结尾。

Question 6 to 10 are based on what you have just heard.

问题6至10是基于你刚才听到的。

Question 6. What does the woman think of light pollution?

问题6.女士对光污染有什么看法？

Question 7. Why does the woman suggest that the audience look up into the sky?

问题7.为什么这位女士建议观众抬头看天空？

Question 8. In the woman's opinion, how does lighting relate to crime?

问题8.在这位女士看来，灯光和犯罪有什么关系？

Question 9. What change would the woman like to see?

问题9.女人希望看到什么样的变化？

Question 10. What does the woman recommend for home lighting?

问题10.女士推荐什么样的家居照明？

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