2014年英语专业四级听力真题 演讲

How to Succeed in Your Literature Class

如何在文学课上取得成功

Good morning everyone. Our topic today is about how to do well in your literature class in your college days.

大家，早上好。我们今天的话题是关于如何在大学时代把文学课学好。

Literature courses and assignments tend to be extremely different from those of any other discipline because of their extreme subjectivity.

由于其极端的主观性，文学课程和作业往往与任何其他学科的课程和作业截然不同。

This aspect is what many people tend to find most surprising and challenging in an academic setting.

这方面是许多人在学术环境中往往会发现最令人惊讶和最具挑战性的方面。

I am not saying that you can throw reason and fact out of the window in literature courses, but you are given much more intellectual freedom with your personal thoughts and ideas.

我并不是说你可以在文学课程中把理性和事实抛到九霄云外，但你在个人思想和观念上有更多的智力自由。

Beginning with the“in advance”piece of wisdom.

从“提前”的智慧开始。

For large lectures students often think it is not that important to do the readings since they will not be forced to speak up and offer opinions.

对于大型讲座，学生通常认为阅读并不那么重要，因为他们不会被迫发表意见和发表意见。

This is completely wrong.Why attend a lecture on a piece of writing that the professor assumes you have read?

这是完全错误的。为什么要参加教授认为您已经阅读过的一篇文章的讲座？

You will take nothing away from the lecture and will not be able to make any sense of whatever notes you take, even if you read the material after the fact.

你不会从讲座中得到任何东西，也无法理解你所做的任何笔记，即使你在事后阅读材料也是如此。

In small classes that have lots of open discussion, professors can always tell who has and who has not done the week's reading.

在有大量公开讨论的小班授课中，教授们总能分辨出谁完成了本周的阅读，谁没有完成。

Don't think it won't affect your participation grade for the course.

不要认为这不会影响您的课程参与成绩。

The entire point of a literature class is to engross a student in the general aspects of important books, to explore many subtle differences of how stories are crafted, and to train the college scholar to read and digest huge amounts of information.

文学课的全部目的是让学生全神贯注于重要书籍的一般方面，探索故事创作方式的许多细微差异，并训练大学学者阅读和消化大量信息。

You won't do well in the course without making a sincere attempt to read and understand every assigned text.

如果不真诚地尝试阅读和理解每个分配的课文，你就不会在课程中取得好成绩。

Next, make sure you read all material very closely. Do not skim through seemingly unimportant passages of long novels or read Spark Notes and think you know what happens in the reading.

接下来，确保您非常仔细地阅读所有材料。不要浏览长篇小说中看似不重要的段落或阅读 Spark Notes，并认为您知道阅读中会发生什么。

These methods of“reading" leave you without any idea of the author's style or deeper intentions; they merely give you plots or surface meanings.

这些“阅读”方法让你看不到作者的风格或更深层次的意图；它们只是给你情节或表面意义。

Reading things halfway will be of no benefit to you when it is time to write your papers.

到了写论文的时候，半途而废对你没有任何好处。

Literature professors usually want papers that are very sharply focused and detailed.

文学教授通常希望论文的重点和细节非常突出。

There is no single answer or interpretation to most pieces of literature, but students must be able to read closely enough to defend a case with textual evidence that will support their personal interpretations.

大多数文学作品没有单一的答案或解释，但学生必须能够足够仔细地阅读，以支持他们个人解释的文本证据为案例辩护。

Finally, do not feel defeated if you find a piece of evidence in the text that seems to contradict the line of thinking you had developed about the piece of literature.

最后，如果您在文本中发现一条证据似乎与您对该文献的思路相矛盾，请不要感到沮丧。

Literature papers and discussions should question every theory by offering counterevidence.

文献论文和讨论应该通过提供反证来质疑每一种理论。

As I previously said,clear-cut answers do not exist in any form of literature,be it poetry, fiction,essays,or even nonfiction.

正如我之前所说，任何形式的文学作品都不存在明确的答案，无论是诗歌、小说、散文，甚至是非小说类作品。

You must read all genres with a discerning eye,and instead of avoiding possible conflicts in your papers, use them to show that you have fully thought through your arguments.

你必须以敏锐的眼光阅读所有类型的文章，而不是避免论文中可能出现的冲突，而是用它们来表明你已经充分考虑了你的论点。

And the last piece of advice I have to offer:look at the reading lists of literature courses you are considering so you do not make yourself miserable by spending a semester reading literature you have no interest in.

我必须提供的最后一条建议：查看您正在考虑的文学课程的阅读清单，这样您就不会因为花一个学期阅读您不感兴趣的文学而让自己痛苦不堪。

Literature courses should be enjoyable, and their readings stimulating,so find one that interests you and begin analyzing everything!

文学课应该是愉快的，他们的阅读应该是有启发性的，所以找到一个你感兴趣的并开始分析一切！

OK,today I've given several tips to you regarding the ways of succeeding in your literature class.

好的，今天我给了你几个关于方法的提示在你的文学课上取得成功。

I hope they could help you get your hands on the class when you are ready to go.Thank you for listening.

我希望他们能在您准备好上课时帮助您上课。感谢您的收听。

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