BBC 英语学习 News Review 塔利班：没有胡子，就没有工作！

No beard, no job for government

workers in Afghanistan. This is news review from BBC,

learning English. I'm Rob, and joining me to talk about the language behind the headlines is Neil.

Hello. Neil.

Hi there. Rob and Hello everyone.

If you like to test yourself on the vocabulary we look at in this program, there is a quiz on our website at BBC Learning English.

Do But now let's have a look at some details of that story.

From this BBC News reports, the Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and Prevention Advice warned that employees would risk losing their jobs if they fail to adhere to these rules and to pray five times a day.

This is the latest of several new restrictions imposed by the Taliban in recent weeks.

So as he just heard there, the Taliban government in Afghanistan, which took control back in August, have put out an order that men without beards will be sent home and lose their jobs.

It's amongst a series of measures that have been brought in.

And we've got three words and expressions that you can use to talk about this story from news headlines.

What are they? Please Neil, we have hardliners.

Bars and show up. That's hardliners.

Bars and show up. OK, let's have a look at the 1st news headline, please.

The 1st headline is from The Times of India, and it reads, taliban Hardliners turning back the clock in Afghanistan.

That's hardliners, people with strong beliefs or views.

That's right. Yes. So the 1st thing to say is that this word hard liner, it's quite clearly made up of two parts hard and liners.

And in this headline, in this version of it, the words are separated or connected, even with a hyphen.

But you will often see this word as just one word.

Yeah? So if we break this, this expression down, we got hard, which is something very strong.

And then liners, or a line is when you follow a particular belief or opinion, you follow a particular line, don't you?

Yeah, that's a really useful way of thinking about it.

Um, the word hard, in this case means strong, and line, as you said, is opinion.

So we can use the word line to refer to your point of view or opinion.

What is your line on something?

It means what do you think about it?

And so a hard liner is someone who has a very strong interpretation of how something should be.

So it's very difficult to get them to change their mind, I guess.

Yes. These are inflexible people, the people whose minds don't change, and who often have the strongest interpretation of a particular point of view or opinion, even amongst a group of people with the same opinion.

So within, e.g. a political party, the people in the party will have a similar opinion to each other, but the hardliners other ones with the most extreme, or strongest or strictest interpretation.

And in the headline, we were using hard Liners as a nount.

But you can also use this as an adjective, can't you?

Yes, you can use it as an adjective, e.g.

ahead of the word approach, a hard line approach to something.

And again, it means that you have a very strict approach to whatever situation.

So if I was in the office and, you know, I like to drink tea, I won't consider drinking coffee.

Does that mean I'm taking a hard line approach towards drinking tea?

Well, you could say that it would be a little bit strange to be honest, because we use hard liner or hard line approach usually to refer to something which is pretty serious, and your decision between tea and coffee, I'm afraid, rob is not that serious.

However, you could use it in a sort of humorous way, because it exaggerates the importance of this thing.

OK, let's have a summary. So we're talking about the Taliban today.

And a course, last year, we covered the story where they took over Kabul and the rest of Afghanistan in our news review program.

How can we watch that video again?

All you have to do is click on the link below.

OK, now let's have a look at your next news headline, please.

Yep. The next headline comes from Reuters, and it reads, taliban Bars Government employeess without beards from work.

So that's Bars officially prevents

something from happening. Yes, that spell B-A-R-S in this headline.

It's a verb to bar something,

but it's useful to think of it um as its now form a bar.

Now, a bar is usually a long piece of Michael, often used, e.g.

on a prison window or door to prevent people getting out.

And that is how it's used as a verb.

It means to prevent something from getting through.

If you imagine, e.g. a pathway, or you're trying to get through a door, and there is a bar, the bar is going to prevent you from getting through where you want to go.

And as a verb, if you bar someone from doing something, it means you stop them.

Yeah? And a criminal, if you put them in prison, we sometimes say, you put them behind bars, don't we?

That's the noun again, the physical bars.

That's right, yes, yeah. And we can use other words, such as bans and prevents and stops as well.

Yeah, yes, bans, prevents, stops, they all have the same meeting as this word.

Bars. Great. Thanks for that. Let's have a summary.

So we were looking at words like bars, bands and prevents.

We did a program about the difference between prevents and avoid its English in a minute.

How can we watch that again?

Please kneel. If you've got just 1 min to spare, you could learn something really useful.

Click the link below. Now, let's have a look at your next headline.

Please. Yes. My next headline comes from the Daily Sabar, and it reads, taliban order Afghan government employees to show up at work with beards that show up, appear at a place.

So show up is a frasal verb made up of two parts show and up.

Hmm. Now let's break that down.

I know about a show. A show is something I might go and see it in the West End, where people are dancing and singing and and things like that.

Is it that kind of show we're talking about here?

No, it's not. Rob show in this sense, is connected to arrival appearance.

So to show up somewhere is to arrive or to appear in that place, um, often in a slightly unplanned way.

So, e.g. you might want to make a reservation in a restaurant, E.G., and you phone up and you say, do I need a reservation, or can I just show up?

And that means arrive, appear, as I said, without necessarily a kind of firm plan.

But if you do have a plan and you're late, then we can say, you show up late.

Yes. It can also be used kind of generally to me arrive and informally, as you just said.

Then if somebody arrived late, you could ask them why they have shown up late, or you could complain about a bus showing up late.

Yeah, and I showed up late for this recording, didn't I?

Because I was showing off my new shoes.

There was a few more meanings of show.

There a couple of meetings of show there.

So we have the one we're talking about to arrive, appear, and then you've got show off, which means to, well, kind of display proudly, something um.

And it What we see here is how we can have frasal verbs that only alter in the 2nd part, the particle, the preposition part, the up off those parts, and it radically changes the meaning.

It's just something you have to learn, I'm afraid.

And also a similar meaning for show up is turn up.

Yes, turnup is the same as show up.

OK, lets now have a summary.

Now, it's time to recap the words and expressions that we've talked about today.

Please. Neal Yes, we looked at hard liners, people with strict views or beliefs.

Bars officially prevents something from happening and show up, appear at a place.

Now, if you want to test your understanding of these words and expressions, we have a quiz on our website at bbc learning english dot com, and that's a good place to go to to check out all our other Learning English resources.

And don't forget, we're on social media as well as you can't ms.

us. Right? That's all for today's news of you.

Thank you so much

for watching, and we'll see you next time.

Bye Bye.

扫码查看听力音频