2022年6月英语四级听力真题(第一套) 短文1

The golden rule is a moral principle which states that you should treat others the way you want to be treated yourself.

黄金法则是一个道德原则，它规定你应该以你想要的方式对待别人。

For example,if you want people to treat you with respect,you should treat them with respect.

例如，如果你希望人们尊重你，你应该尊重他们。

Different people tend to be exposed to different forms of the golden rule, based on factors such as the religion in their society.

基于社会中的宗教等因素，不同的人往往会接触到不同形式的黄金法则。

However,all forms of the golden rule revolve around the same concept.

然而，所有形式的黄金法则都围绕着相同的概念。

Namely,they help you treat others better, by using the way you yourself would want to be treated as a guide of how to behave.

也就是说，他们帮助你更好地对待他人，以你自己希望被对待的方式作为行为指南。

A notable criticism of the golden rule is that its application can lead to undesirable outcomes,when it conflicts with laws and ethical principles.

对黄金法则的一个值得注意的批评是，当它与法律和道德原则相冲突时，其应用可能会导致不良结果。

For example,if someone breaks the law,the golden rule would suggest that we should let them go,because we would not want to be punished ourselves.

例如，如果有人触犯了法律，黄金法则会建议我们放过他们，因为我们不想自己受到惩罚。

However,this issue with the golden rule can be dealt with in a general manner,by viewing this principle as one of several principles that we use to guide our behavior as individuals and as a society.

然而，通过将这一原则视为指导我们作为个人和社会行为的若干原则之一，可以以一般方式处理这一黄金法则问题。

Specifically,in the example described above, most individuals and societies choose to place laws and ethical principles above the golden rule.

具体而言，在上述例子中，大多数个人和社会选择将法律和道德原则置于黄金法则之上。

This means that they strive to implement the golden rule whenever possible, as long as it doesn't clash with a more important concept.

这意味着，只要不与更重要的概念冲突，他们就会尽可能地实施黄金法则。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

请根据你刚刚听到的文章回答问题16到问题18。

Question 16. What do we learn from the passage about the golden rule?

问题16.我们从这篇关于黄金法则的文章中学到了什么？

Question 17. What is a notable criticism of the golden rule?

问题17：对黄金法则有什么值得注意的批评？

Question 18. What does the example of someone breaking the law serve to show?

问题18.某人违法的例子说明了什么？

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