BBC 6分钟英语 Poverty in a rich world

English, from BBC, learning English. Hello.

I'm Rob. Welcome to six minute English with me.

Today is Harry. Hello. Harry. Hello.

Rob. Well, in this program, we're talking about wealth.

The world is getting richer. Harry, really?

How come? Well, according to recent data, the number of people living in extreme poverty has halved in recent decades.

More people own a car and a mobile phone.

So that's all very good news.

More people can have a good standard of living.

Standard of living is what we call the amount of money and quality of life people have in a particular society.

People in general may have a better life, but there's still a lot of inequality in different countries.

Inequality, in other words, some people have a lot of money and opportunities, and others just don't.

So individual governments have to find a way of reducing this inequality to allow more people to have the opportunity to improve their lives.

Yes, in this program, we're talking about the gap between rich and poor, and you'll learn some words which will help you discuss this topic, or read about it in the news.

And now are quiz Harry, ah, the legendary quiz.

I'm ready good. Right? A recent report by Oxfam and Credit Spec revealed how divided we all are when it comes to wealth.

A lot of the wealth in the world is in the hands of very few people.

That's what I'm going to ask you about today, harry, how much of the global wealth is owned by the richest 1 %?

Is it a 38 %? B 48 %?

Or see 58 %? Well, it's only 1% of the population, so I'm, I would have to guess, the lower 01:30, 8 %.

Surely they can't own more than that.

Well, we'll see if you've got the right answer at the end of the program.

Now, let's talk about rich and poor.

As we said, experts have concluded that more people are living better when you look at the world as a whole.

But in individual countries, you can find people with hardly anything to eat, and others with lots of houses, cars, land and so on.

So Rob how can this situation be reversed?

Well, david Briar, from Oxfam mentions a country which has achieved some success in trying to make the poor less poor.

He's talking about Brazil. Listen to what Brian says and tell me what are the two words he uses, meaning the least money people are paid for the work they do.

There are examples we can look to where countries are managing to reduce the gap between the super rich and the rest.

Brazil has historically very high levels of of economic inequality, and they've been taking just some really sensible measures, measures around having more progressive tax around investing in a higher minimum wage and investing in central public services.

You know, there's things that all governments can do that start to reverse this tide.

So David Bryer talks about a minimum wage that's the least a worker receives in payment for the work they've done.

He meant that if people are paid a higher minimum wage, they can eat better, seek a better education, and their children can have a better job in the future.

They can be lifted out of poverty, and the economy can grow.

More people with more money by more things.

And factories produce more. A factory which produces more will need more workers, so more jobs for all right?

Another measure by the Brazilian government, which is mentioned by the representative from Oxfam, has to do with tax tax is, the amount of money you pay to the government, depending on your salary and the cost of things you buy.

But we have to admit this rob taxes are not popular.

That's true. Many people don't like paying tax because they don't receive an immediate benefit from it.

Some very rich people try to pay as little as possible.

But one billionaire who thinks it's important to pay and create conditions for governments to fight poverty is Bill Gates.

The founder of Microsoft, earned a lot of money, retired, and with his wife, melinda, created a foundation to help the poor.

The BBC asked him what the very rich have to do to help reduce poverty.

Let's listen to his answer. What does he say?

Rich people have to be the words and adjective.

Well, their obligation courses to pay their taxes, but our advice to them is that they ought to look at taking their wealth and beam philanthropic, both in their own country and to help the global poorest.

That's the full time work Melinda and I do.

We find it very fulfilling. We love seeing the progress.

So rich people have to be philanthropic.

It means they have to help poor people by giving their money.

And he says, he and his wife find this giving to the poor fulfilling.

In other words, it makes them happy and satisfied.

Well, that's his message to the very, very, very, very rich in the world, to the 1 %.

I heard the 1 %. Well, you want the answer to my quiz question now, don't you?

Yes, you ask me how much of the global wealth is owned by the richest 1% of the world's population?

And the options I gave you were 38 %, 48% or 58 %.

And I guess 38% based on the fact that I couldn't imagine them owning more than that.

I like your thinking, harry, but I'm afraid the correct answer is actually be for 48 %.

The wealthiest 1% will soon own more than the rest of

the world's population. That's according to a study by anti poverty charity Oxfam.

I think it's truly shocking that such a small number of people can own so much.

You're right. It's an amazing statistic.

Okay, well, we're almost out of time, but let's remind ourselves of some of the words that we've said today.

Harry, standard of living, inequality, minimum wage, tax, philanthropic, fulfilling.

Well, that's it for today. Do log on to BBC learning English dot com to find more six minute English programs until next time.

Goodbye. Goodbye.

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