2023年12月英语四级听力真题 卷一 文章1

Passage One

文章1

New research from America studies the role that the presence of individuals from different social or racial groups has in influencing consumers' food choices.

来自美国的一项新研究研究了来自不同社会或种族群体的个人的存在在影响消费者食品选择方面的作用。

This research found college students were more likely to choose healthy food in the presence of an observer of a different race, as opposed to an observer from their own race.

这项研究发现，在不同种族的观察者在场的情况下，大学生更有可能选择健康的食物，而不是他们自己种族的观察者。

The same was true when they were with someone from a different university, compared to someone from their own.

当他们和一个来自不同大学的人在一起时，与他们自己学校的人相比，也是如此。

Researchers say this was because participants anticipated more negative judgment from an outsider group.

研究人员说，这是因为参与者预期来自局外人的更多负面判断。

In contrast, they felt less judged by members of their own group.

相反，他们觉得自己的群体成员对他们的评判较少。

In one experiment, participants were offered the choice between candy and fruit as a snack.

在一个实验中，参与者可以选择糖果和水果作为零食。

When in the presence of an unknown student from their own university, only 12 percent of students selected the healthier option.

当有来自自己大学的不知名学生在场时，只有12%的学生选择了更健康的选择。

However, this number was 31 percent when in the presence of an unknown student from another university.

然而，当另一所大学的一名不知名学生在场时，这一数字为31%。

Other experiments showed similar results based on racial group.

其他实验也显示了基于种族群体的相似结果。

What's the reason for this pattern? The study found that people feel judged to a larger extent by members of other groups.

这种模式的原因是什么？研究发现，人们在更大程度上受到其他群体成员的评判。

Because of this, they strategically use healthy food choices to make a positive impression.

正因为如此，他们战略性地利用健康的食物选择来给人留下积极的印象。

There have been many attempts to help consumers make healthier choices, but consumers often struggle to maintain a healthy diet.

人们曾多次试图帮助消费者做出更健康的选择，但消费者往往难以维持健康的饮食。

This research finds that one way to promote a healthy diet could be to advertise the social benefits of healthy choices.

这项研究发现，促进健康饮食的一种方法是宣传健康选择的社会效益。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

问题16至18是基于你刚才听到的一段话。

Question16. What was the finding of the new research from America about consumers' food choices?

美国关于消费者食物选择的新研究发现了什么?

Question17. When did 31 per cent of students in the experiment select the healthier option?

实验中31%的学生什么时候选择了更健康的食物?

Question18. How could a healthy diet be promoted according to the findings of the nev w research?

根据这项新研究的发现，如何促进健康饮食?

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